Owning an HDB flat in Singapore is a significant milestone. It’s not just a place to live; it’s a home and a valuable asset. But with ownership comes responsibility, and one of the most crucial aspects is maintenance. Keeping your flat in good condition preserves its value, ensures a safe living environment, and prevents costly repairs down the line.
Many new homeowners are unsure where to start. What maintenance tasks are essential? Who is responsible for what—the HDB, the Town Council, or the owner? This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about HDB maintenance. We will cover the division of responsibilities, essential maintenance tasks for different parts of your home, and tips for creating a proactive maintenance schedule. By the end of this post, you’ll have a clear roadmap to keep your HDB flat in excellent shape for years to come.
Understanding Maintenance Responsibilities
A common point of confusion for HDB residents is knowing who to call when something goes wrong. Is a leaking pipe your problem or the Town Council’s? What about a faulty lift? The responsibility for maintenance in an HDB estate is shared between three parties: the HDB, the Town Council, and you, the flat owner.
HDB’s Responsibilities
The Housing & Development Board (HDB) is responsible for the structural integrity of the building and addressing major issues that affect the building’s stability. Their responsibilities are primarily focused on the building’s shell and critical infrastructure.
Key areas under HDB’s purview include:
- Structural columns and beams: HDB manages any defects or issues related to the core structural framework of the building.
- Ceiling leaks from the flat above: If you experience a ceiling leak caused by wear and tear in the unit above you, HDB can step in to investigate and facilitate repairs under the Goodwill Repair Assistance (GRA) scheme, where costs are co-shared between the upper and lower floor flat owners and HDB.
- External walls: Issues like spalling concrete on the exterior of the building fall under HDB’s responsibility.
- Upgrading Programs: HDB carries out large-scale upgrading projects like the Home Improvement Programme (HIP) and the Lift Upgrading Programme (LUP), which address common maintenance issues in older flats.
Town Council’s Responsibilities
Your local Town Council is responsible for the management and maintenance of the common areas and shared facilities within your HDB estate. These are the areas used by all residents. Think of the Town Council as the estate manager.
Their duties include:
- Cleanliness and upkeep: Maintaining the cleanliness of common corridors, void decks, lifts, and bin chutes.
- Landscaping: General landscaping, grass cutting, and tree pruning in shared green spaces.
- Common area lighting: Repairing and replacing lights along corridors, at lift lobbies, and in staircase wells.
- Lifts and water pumps: Ensuring the proper functioning and regular servicing of passenger lifts and water supply systems.
- Pest control: Conducting routine pest control measures in common areas.
- Playgrounds and fitness corners: Maintaining the safety and usability of shared recreational facilities.
When you notice a faulty lift, a flickering corridor light, or an overflowing bin chute, the Town Council is your first point of contact.
Flat Owner’s Responsibilities
As the owner, you are responsible for the maintenance and repair of everything inside your flat. This is often referred to as “internal maintenance.” These responsibilities begin the moment you take possession of your keys.
This includes, but is not limited to:
- Fixtures and fittings: All plumbing, electrical wiring, sanitary fittings, and other fixtures installed within your flat.
- Flooring and wall finishes: Maintenance of floor tiles, parquet, and internal wall paint.
- Windows and grilles: Ensuring your windows are in good working order and meet HDB’s safety requirements.
- Doors and gates: The main door, gate, and all internal doors.
- Internal pipes: Any plumbing issues like leaking faucets, choked sinks, or faulty toilet flush systems.
Understanding this division of labor is the first step toward effective home maintenance. It saves you time and ensures you direct your concerns to the right authority.
Your Essential HDB Maintenance Checklist
Now, let’s focus on your responsibilities as a homeowner. Proactive maintenance is far better than reactive repairs. A regular check-up schedule can help you spot potential problems early and avoid expensive emergencies. Here is a breakdown of key areas within your flat and the maintenance they require.
Plumbing and Sanitary Systems
Water damage is one of the most common and costly issues in any home. Regular plumbing checks are non-negotiable.
What to do:
- Check for Leaks: At least once a month, inspect all faucets, pipes under sinks, and toilet flush systems for any signs of leaks or drips. A small drip can waste a significant amount of water over time and may indicate a failing washer or valve.
- Clear Slow Drains: If you notice water draining slowly from your kitchen sink, bathroom basin, or shower, it’s a sign of a partial blockage. Use a commercial drain cleaner or a mixture of baking soda and vinegar to clear it. Avoid letting it become a full-blown clog.
- Inspect Water Heaters: Check your storage or instant water heater for any signs of leakage or corrosion. For storage heaters, it’s recommended to have them professionally inspected every few years.
- Toilet Maintenance: Ensure the toilet flush mechanism is working correctly. A running toilet can be a major source of water wastage. Listen for any hissing sounds after the tank has filled.
Electrical Systems
Faulty electrical systems are a serious fire hazard. While major electrical work must be done by a Licensed Electrical Worker (LEW), you can perform basic safety checks.
What to do:
- Test Power Outlets: Regularly check that all your power outlets are working. If an outlet is not working or feels loose, get it checked by an electrician.
- Inspect Cords and Plugs: Look for any frayed or damaged electrical cords on your appliances. Replace them immediately. Avoid overloading power outlets with too many adapters.
- Check the Circuit Breaker: Familiarize yourself with your flat’s circuit breaker box. If a breaker trips frequently, it could signal an overloaded circuit or a faulty appliance. Do not repeatedly reset it without investigating the cause.
- Test Smoke Detectors: If you have smoke detectors installed, test them monthly and replace the batteries at least once a year.
Windows and Doors
Windows and doors are essential for security and ventilation. HDB has specific safety guidelines, especially for windows.
What to do:
- Window Safety: All About HDB requires homeowners to check their windows at least once every six months. For casement windows, check that the rivets are not loose or corroded. For sliding windows, ensure the safety stoppers are in place and the tracks are clean. Any window repairs must be done by an HDB-approved window contractor.
- Lubricate Moving Parts: Apply lubricant to window hinges, locks, and door hinges to ensure they operate smoothly and don’t squeak.
- Check Seals: Inspect the rubber seals around your windows. Worn-out seals can lead to water seepage during heavy rain and reduce the effectiveness of your air conditioning.
- Main Door and Gate: Ensure the locks on your main door and gate are functioning correctly.
Air Conditioning
In Singapore’s climate, air conditioning is a necessity for many. Proper maintenance ensures it runs efficiently and lasts longer.
What to do:
- Clean Filters: The most important maintenance task is to clean or replace the filters regularly (at least once every three months, or more if you use it daily). Clogged filters reduce airflow and make the unit work harder, increasing your electricity bill.
- Annual Servicing: Schedule professional servicing at least once a year. A technician will clean the indoor and outdoor units, check refrigerant levels, and ensure all components are working correctly.
- Check for Water Drainage: Ensure the drainage pipe for your AC unit is not blocked. A blockage can cause water to leak back into your flat, leading to water damage.
Walls, Ceilings, and Floors
The general condition of your walls, ceilings, and floors contributes significantly to the overall look and feel of your home.
What to do:
- Inspect for Cracks and Peeling Paint: Small hairline cracks on walls are often not a structural concern, but they should be monitored. Fill them and touch up the paint to keep your walls looking fresh. Peeling paint could be a sign of moisture, so investigate the cause.
- Look for Signs of Spalling Concrete: Spalling concrete occurs when the steel bars embedded in the ceiling corrode and expand, causing the concrete cover to crack and bulge. If you see this, report it to HDB immediately.
- Grout and Sealant Care: In bathrooms and kitchens, inspect the grout between tiles and the sealant around sinks and bathtubs. Re-grout or re-apply sealant as needed to prevent water from seeping into the walls.
Take a Proactive Stance
Home maintenance doesn’t have to be overwhelming. By integrating these small tasks into your regular cleaning routine, you can stay on top of your home’s needs and ensure it remains a safe, comfortable, and valuable asset for years to come. Remember that prevention is always better than cure. Addressing small issues promptly can save you from major headaches and expenses in the future.
If you ever feel unsure about a repair or a maintenance task, don’t hesitate to call in a professional. Engaging a reliable handyman or a licensed contractor for specialized jobs is a wise investment in your home’s longevity.
